Pre-Production Theory

So you wanna make a Video?

Well, Do you think you're ready? think you can jump headfirst in and make a masterpiece? Well hold your horses ,all great works took proper planning and time so here well walk you through what you need. 

So what production are we going for? 

So the main 3 forms we are going cover in this informational guide are Tv, Film and YouTube.

TV: 

You'll need to create an equipment list, Time sheets, Backup Plans, Risk assessments, If non set based then location scouting.
These would be fitting for tv as they meet the requirements needed to produce a comptent show :)

Film: 

You'll need to create Asset log, Budget sheet, Call sheet, contract details , footage log, location permission forms, Release and consent Agreement, Story boarding Risk assessment, Research, Script, Script breakdown.

These would be used in both showing investors and when changing ideas based on restrictions ^..^.

YouTube:

Necessary:

Upload scheduled, Thumbnail ideas, Equipment list, Contact list, Editing time, Render allowance time

Optional:

Collaboration timetable, Social media links, Idea notebook, Sponsorship agreements, Copyright cheeks..

How will you Manage time?

TV:

Working on a tv set is like a nine till five job in the sense you have set hours you are meant to come in to record, This can change depending on what is needed to be reordered for example the news is live so would be filmed as such whereas a show like pointless can be recorded in bulk as it has no showing of timed live events. 

http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140721202711/http:/www.hmrc.gov.uk/specialist/fi-notes-2012.pdf

Film:

For film you are usually provided with a call sheet of where and when to be along with contact detials of anyone else going there in case of assistance needed. 

YouTube

As for YouTube, Unless you are under a network you are usually under your own time constraints. Despite this to gain an audience its usually best to create an upload schedule based on your country time zone and target demographic.

Assignment 2 for Clive Davies-Frayne: Editing Theory

Editing Theory

What is it to edit? 

To edit at its base is to change something such as video, audio and writing.In our case Video/Film Editing it is used to create styles atmospheres and tell the audience what is happening visually through effect.

Editing the eraly days

Georges Méliès - 1895

In 1985 the lumiere brothers had a screening of the first film "workers leaving the lumiere factory" of which the technology impressed audiences but George's saw potential and decided he wanted to amke films, he first attempted buy a cinematography off the lumiere brothers of which he was declined as they wanted a monopoly on the film industry and so Gorges went to the uk and purchased an animatograph of which he reversed engineered into his own form of camera. Whilst using his new camera he discovered one of ,if not the first editing technique was first discovered when gorges was recording a street of traffic and whilst recording a bus passing his camera jammed and when he fixed it another car was there , upon development he noticed the car mysteriously appeared where the bus was, this was the first instance of the now commonly know, jump cut.

Over time Gorges used this technique to create his new films and shows an developed more editing types such as fade in and outs, overlapping dissolves and Stop motion photography.   

Edwin Porter - 1903

 Unlike Mellies tablo style of filming whereas it was in the style of the theatre, Edwin porter, originally a vitoscope projectionist until around 1900 where he joined Eddison manufacturing company and became head of production for skylight studio in 1901. From 1901 until 1906 Edwin served as Eddisons go to director and cameraman. Having a background in film and a great interest in Mellies work Edwin porter decided to try creating his own piece with 1903's "life of a fireman" But apart form the norm of setting up a shot and making it he mixed it with sock footage with stages scenes to make a fictional narrative sadly Porter was stuck in the each shot has to be a complete scene mentality leading to time overlays where you would see the same shot from two angle which nowadays looks like bad time cutting in and out. and whilst to us it seems clunky to the viewers back then it was still the amazement of the technology that impressed them so they allowed such time overlap's to slip by. Eventually the freshness of the film industry would wear off and Porter had to push the film style forward with his most famous piece the great train robbery. in this porter is more decisive with his cutting and although each scene is still one master take. He cuts between each scene without fades or dissolves and most importantly not letting the scene reach its logical end. Edwin porter was one of the pioneers of compression of time, and was one of the first developers of continuity editing and based his work less on the scene,but on the shot.  but this is as far as porter got taking editing forward in time.


David Wark Griifith - 1908
In 1908 Edwin Porter hired a young actor to be the lead part in rescued from an eagles nest this started the 40 year long career  for David Wark Griffith. After having little to no success in any other career routes D.W Griffith took this opportunity and this gave him contact with Edwin porter. D.W Griffith always wanted to be a writer and worked under the production name Lawrence Griffith submitted many plays and scripts but were uninteresting under advice of a friend made senarios for films after submitting one to Edwin porter,which was rejected due to having to many scenes he hired Griffith to act in one of his films. After this D.W Griifith was picked up by bio-graph a failing production company that was looking for directors and after producing "The Adventures of Dollie " in 2 days he was hired and wen ton to produce 450 films from 1908 -1911 and pushed it out of the tablo mentality and into the multi shot style we would now recognize.


Editing the purpose?
The most powerful message in the world world is only powerful when directed to the right people through the right channels in the right way ,when projects dont have the impact the creator wants its usually because the message is misunderstood or not actively shaped. Through correct video editing Technics a messege can be passed on visually rather than through a narrative. for example if you wanted to demonstrate someone getting older through a visual medium you could ahve a left seep to them being older at the current moment. if you wanted time compression you could change the shot before the current one end to just after the beginning of another (see The great train robbery for examples of this)
So TL;DR We edit to tell a story in a more complex way and it invests the audience through them working out its message or meaning.

Editing Conventions/ Where we are today?
As film making went on the techniques evolved with it.Such as we noted before there were such conventions as the jump cute,the fade in,dissolves and the 180' rule . all of which we use today, all be it in more advanced ways, These techniques were transferred  to our technological style of editing and are used in modern movies to create the effects mentioned in the previous section. and many more atmospheric reasons such as to create suspense, mystery, a sense of completeion.

Colour Correction

Colour Correction.

When we are doing colour correction we talk about colour in terms of temperature. The Reason we talk about in terms of temperature is due to it being measured in kelvin

To first access the colour correction area you first need to got to wind>workspace>Colour Correction.

this will change the view and access the feature you'll need to colour correct.

To correct colour there are two main method the fast corrector tool and the RBG Parade 

these can be accessed through the effects tab and dragged onto the clip before editing.

A Clean colour correction will have the colour levels fairly even as shown below.

The History of editing

The History Of Editing

The Lumiere Brothers (Auguste and Louis Lumière)

French inventors Auguste and louis Lumiére were the first known film makers who produced the first know motion picture Workers leaving the Lumiére factory.They produced all their content using the Cinématographe. They also made the first steps towards comedy film with their production L'Arroseur Arrosé.

Georges Méliès (Marie-Georges-Jean Méliès)

French Illusionist Georges Mélés was one of the first filmmakers to use and develop multiple exposures, time-lapse photography, dissolves, and hand painted colour techniques And his most known film is probably A Trip to the moon (1902) and used the effect of the camera moving closer to the moon by moving the moon forward slowly on an elaborate dolly,He was one the first to create the genre of sci-fi and horror with such films as The Haunted castle.He also accidentally Discovered the jump cut when his camera jammed whilst recording a bus comming out of a tunnel and when he had fixed his camera a car was in its place creating the first jump cut this was the first use of time compression in film making history .


Edwin S. Porter (Edwin Stanton Porter)


Projectionist and Mechanic Edwin S. Porter was originally hired by the Eddison company originally to redesign and tweak their camera equipment but was soon hired as Eddisons main cameraman and worked his way up the ranks in the company by developing new special effects as well as stories told over  multiple scenes. Eddsion produced one of his most famous works whilst working at the Eddison company being the great train robbery, it being one of the first motion pictures to show a continuous narrative progression with the advent of scenes. He was also the first Cinematographer to mix stick footage with recoreded footage to make a new narrative Life of an american fireman.
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D.W Giffiths (David Llewelyn Wark Griffith)

Confederate army colonel and Kentucky state legislator D.W Griffiths Originally started his creative career as a playwright before becoming an actor and taking parts as extras in his own plays. later in life Griffiths went to Edison studios to try and sell his plays sadly he was rejected but got an acting post in "Rescued from an Eagles nest" this took him down the motion picture route with the company and lead him to produce over 40 movies for the current company. Later on his career he created the birth of a nation  earning the most revenue of any movie to date but also is modernly agreed as a racist film. from this he then went to make intolerance to show how movies should be accepted sadly this movie flopped and was still in debt till the day he passed but in this movie he used all differnt editing styles and techniques from all his previous work.  

Production and its stages.

Introduction
There are 4 Major steps in the production and release of any film these are needed as without them you either wouldn't have a movie, have a poor movie, or way overspend.


Development

The Initial stage of a Production is the development stage this usually consists of Director, Producer, Script editor and a Screen play team this stage evolves the original ideas and creation of the script this stage ends when the script is locked.
In this stage, at least in film making There is usually little to no diallouge but a 25-30 page description of the story what tone it will ber set in and often includes small pictures to help visualize the main points. 


Pre-Production Planning

Pre Production is the stage where everything is starting to get set up, its at this point the script writer the director and editor and many more important roles all work together to make the directors visions realties, The producer can make a profit of his investment, and the script writers ideas make sense, The Line prodcuer then takes all the details of cost such as cast equipment location travel etc., and works out weather its affordable and will it sell and make a profit and a good story, ~At this point all will be set up for production.


Production



Post Production

After the data for the film/production has been collected. This is where all the effects are applied, Either special effects, Audio Effects, Color Grading. And is shown to a focus group to see if it worked before either making final changes.

Distribution

After the production has been complete it is then handed over to a sales team where they work on marketing and distribution via cinemas, DVDs blue rays and more to get as much revenue from the production.